Ignaz Semmelweis proved handwashing's power in 1847 — reducing maternal mortality from 10% to 1%. Nearly two centuries later, it remains the single most effective infection prevention intervention in U.S. hospitals. Yet compliance averages just 40-60%.
The WHO 5 Moments
- Before touching a patient
- Before a clean or aseptic procedure
- After body fluid exposure risk
- After touching a patient
- After touching patient surroundings
Soap vs. Sanitizer
- Soap and water (20 seconds): Required for visibly soiled hands and C. diff spores
- Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR): Faster and more effective for most other pathogens including MRSA
✍️ Proper Technique (6 Steps)
- Wet hands; apply soap
- Rub palms, back of hands, between fingers, backs of fingers, thumbs, and fingertips
- Scrub 20 seconds (sing Happy Birthday twice)
- Rinse; dry with single-use paper towel
- For ABHR: apply to palm; rub all surfaces until dry
How to Advocate as a Patient
Say: "Before you examine me, could you use the hand sanitizer? I'm trying to reduce my infection risk." Research shows this question is welcomed by staff — not resented.